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20" Inside Diameter Stainless Steel Rings?
If you have spent much time looking through Scientific American's classic, Amateur Telescope Making, you will recall seeing lots of pictures of steel skeleton tubes for larger telescopes. A series of rings (often six or seven of them) were welded to a dozen or steel rods. They look really heavy--but were they?
I have a 17.5" Dobsonian that was apparently the first telescope that a bunch of Boise families made some years ago. I do not know what they were thinking. It uses a Sonotube--but then it had a massively heavy wooden box built around it, upon which the altitude bearings are mounted. I'm not sure of the exact weight, but with the mirror out, this beast easily weighs 100 pounds. Since 20" inside diameter Sonotube weighs about four pounds per foot, the wood is adding a huge amount of unneeded weight. My goal is to get this beast light enough to mount on a Losmandy G-11 mount, and something that can mount to a dovetail--which would seem to preclude any of the truss tube designs that I have seen.
So what if I started over, and built one of those steel skeleton tubes to hold everything in place? Stainless steel is about .29 pounds/cubic inch. If I've done the math right, four 1/8" thick, 1" wide flats 90" long bolted (and lock washered) to five rings that 20" inside diameter, 1" wide, and 1/8" thick, totals less than 19 pounds. Even if I go up to 1/4" thick steel flats (which seems excessive), the weight is 32 pounds. The total stiffness of four 1/8" thick pieces of stainless, mounted to five rings, is quite extraordinary.
The flats are easy to get. But is there a source for 20" inside diameter stainless steel rings? Or can someone suggest an alternative material that is readily available? Would epoxying 1" sections of Sonotube add enough stiffness to the flats without the full weight of Sonotube? Perhaps I just should just stick with Sonotube.
Alternatively: instead of rings, I use construct this as a skeleton box, with the four flats held in position by 20" long flats of stainless steel. Using a total of five sets of four flats (the equivalent of five impossible to find 20" stainless steel rings), the total weight, if all of these are 1/8" stainless steel, is only 28 pounds (plus the weight of the bolts holding everything together). Add 37 pounds for the primary mirror, and about ten pounds for the secondary mirror, holder, and eyepiece, and this is 75 pounds. The bottom flat could even be machined with a built-in dovetail to fit the Losmandy mount.
This is still a bit too heavy for the G-11 mount--but I am wondering if there is some way to calculate the amount of flex that these parts will experience. Perhaps I don't need five rings. Perhaps the 90" long flats don't need to be quite so thick. It makes me wish that I had taken mechanical engineering classes. I know that Young's modulus describes deformation, but I'm not quite sure how to apply all this a real world problem. Perhaps it is time to go hit the library on this exciting subject.
A Look At Partitioning Iraq
There is quite a bit of political talk suddenly about partitioning Iraq into autonomous regions. The analogy to other federal republics (Switzerland, Australia, the United States, Germany) is quite attractive, but there are several reasons why this is unlikely to help the actual problem we are seeing in Iraq, and several severe problems that it will create.
Why This Won't Help
1. The maps of Iraq show "Kurds" in the north, "Sunnis" in the west, and "Shiites" in the south. The fact is that those sharp lines are really big, confused, broad paint stripes. Saddam Hussein killed and pushed out Kurds from some northern Iraqi cities, and put Sunnis into their homes. The Kurds are now busily trying to get those cities back. From what I have read, Sunnis and Shiites are heavily intermixed in Baghdad and a number of other cities. Without massive migrations, the existing provinces are going to still include sizeable minority populations.
2. Those Iraqis who are out killing members of the other group will still have plenty of opportunity to do so without leaving their autonomous region. Furthermore, it will not be a big struggle to go from Sunnistan to Shiitestan or vice versa to do some wanton torture and murder. Short of actually making these independent countries, with border controls, the sectarian violence isn't going to be affected by a regional approach.
3. As a number of people have pointed out, the Sunni section has very little oil. The Sunnis are unlikely to go along with any sort of "autonomous" region approach because it will almost certainly lead to three nations. All the promises that might get made about sharing the oil wealth with the Sunnis will be broken within a few years.
Terrible Results That Would Come From Partitioning
1. It is not clear to me that all of the regions would be any calmer or more democratic than Iraq as a whole. The somewhat deranged young man who has his own Shiite militia (Muq Tadr--I can't spell it) isn't going to suddenly turn into a democrat. Instead, his militia will now be, relative to the Shiite region's government, more powerful than it is now relative to the Iraqi government. Ditto for the disgruntled Baathists in Sunnistan. The Kurds might end up way ahead as either autonomous region or separate nation, true, but that leads to...
2. Kurdistan as autonomous region or separate nation likely leads to war with Turkey. I have little sympathy for Turkey's problems with the Kurds. Yes, the PKK is a terrorist organization, and Turkey has, unsurprisingly, overreacted. Still, the Turkish government has made clear its concern that an independent Kurdistan would be a center of active assistance to Kurdish rebels in Turkey.
Even if the Kurdistan government had the good sense to not be actively involved (and I'm not sure that a democratic Kurdistan would have enough good sense on this), individuals and groups operating across the border into Turkey would inevitably lead to border incidents, followed by war. Turkey is a member of NATO, and would legitimately argue that any incursion from Kurdistan into Turkey requires us to honor the treaty, and make war on Kurdistan.
3. There is a very real danger that a Shiite independent nation (as autonomous regionhood would soon become) would become an Iranian puppet. Muq Tadr is pretty clearly on their payroll already. Iran has a "Once we were a great power, and we shall be again" problem. This isn't new, and it isn't because of the mullahs. The Shah of Iran was just a little more subtle about his approach.
Is There a Solution?
My wife, who is responding the way many Americans are to the carnage in Iraq, sees no reason to sacrifice American lives for what she increasingly sees as a nation incapable of managing its own affairs. (As I have explained in the past, democracy in the Middle East may be the last real hope to avoid a direct clash of Islam vs. the rest of the world. That confrontation is one that we can win--but only by nuking hundreds of millions of the world's Muslims, which is morally repugnant, and with probably millions of dead in the non-Muslim world.) So she asked me, "What would you do if you were in charge?"
It appears at this time that little serious effort is being made to shut off the importation of both al-Qaeda fighters (largely across the Syrian and Saudi borders) and more importantly, the explosives that are being used in the IEDs. At the start, the IEDs were often made from artillery shells, but accounts that I have been reading indicate that increasingly there is nothing improvised about these weapons, and there is almost certainly Iranian government involvement.
There are several thousand miles of border. Define a 10 kilometer free fire zone inside the Iraqi border. Declare that anyone crossing the border into Iraq except at the small number of controlled border crossing is liable to be shot on sight. Air patrols would be relatively low risk of American deaths compared to patrols in Baghdad or Ramadi--and shutting off the importation of more fighters and explosives would eventually cool off some of the chaos--perhaps to a point where the Iraqi government could handle this themselves.
I am becoming convinced that our military needs to withdraw completely from urban settings, and primarily exist to provide air cover and emergency reserve support for Iraqi forces chasing the terrorists. It sounds like the Iraqis still aren't up to an operational state on this--but if this much time hasn't gotten them to that state, maybe they aren't going to be to that state.
At least part of the economic problems of Iraq are a shortage of money. Why? Because they are having a hard time exporting oil, because terrorists keeping blowing up the pipelines and port facilities. It would look bad (like the invasion was about oil), but Coalition forces might be better spent protecting those parts of the system that are under attack. Once Iraq is exporting ten million barrels a day, they will have enough money to put every Iraqi young man to work rebuilding the country.
While I don't think that many of the native-born terrorists are launching these vicious attacks because they are just unemployed, I do think that enhancing the economic status of the average Iraqi worker has the potential to make those who may be giving cover or assistance to the native-born terrorists less willing to do so.
I really don't want Iraq to go down the tubes. It would be a terrible blow to American prestige, strengthen al-Qaeda, and probably end up putting the power tool torture crowd back in power in Iraq. I am just mystified, however, what is preventing the Iraqis from doing a more effective job with their own forces in finding the foreign terrorists. Yes, they can't do it operating under a strictly observed Bill of Rights type of approach. But a society that can't stop this type of daily barbarism won't need a Bill of Rights--just a headstone.
Those Politically Reticent Professors
There's a new study out of what professors think about politics, and most of it is no surprise:Professors are three times as likely to call themselves "liberal" as "conservative." In the 2004 presidential election, 72 percent of those surveyed voted for John Kerry.
What gave me a bad case of the smirks was this:
Almost one-third of professors cite the United States as among the top two greatest threats to international stability -- more than cited Iran, China, or Iraq.
Fifty-four percent of professors say U.S. foreign policy in the Middle East is partially responsible for the growth of Islamic militancy.
Sixty-four percent say the government's powers under the USA Patriot Act should be weakened.But Cary Nelson, president of the American Association of University Professors, says that regardless of their political stance, most professors are reluctant to make their views known on campus.
Now, I had a number of professors for whom that was true. I took at least six classes from my thesis chair before I found out that he was actually a moderate socialist--and it never interfered with his teaching, or my thesis. Another of my history professors I managed to finally figure out was a liberal Democrat, but not from anything that he said in class. I had Professor Fallandy for a foreign literature class, and I couldn't tell you if she was liberal, conservative, socialist, or Martian.
"What faculty think and what they're willing to express in front of their students are two very different things," said Mr. Nelson, a professor of liberal arts and sciences at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. "Many of my colleagues over the years take real pride in knowing that their political opinions are invisible to their students. I don't. I put it all out there and encourage students to disagree."
But a lot more typical were professors who would drop political stuff into the middle of a class that was not only completely irrelevant to the class, but reflected the "I don't know anything about the subject, but I'm a professor, so the opinions that I hold because I listen to NPR, watch PBS, and read The Nation must be right" attitude that I have found distressingly common.
I don't just mean in classes where the subject necessarily intersects with current politics is somewhat unavoidable (such as philosophy or history). I mean a freshman biology class where the professor couldn't resist engaging in partisan attacks. I mean a Musics of the World class my wife took where, in the midst of a discussion of American Indian music, the professor suddenly interjects how the Native Americans loved Mother Earth, and protected the environment, but Christian Europeans believed that it was their God-given duty to exploit everything. This is inaccurate history about both Indians and Europeans, roughly equivalent to the sheep in Animal Farm bleating, "four legs good, two legs bad."
To Quote Han Solo in Star Wars, "Don't Get Cocky, Kid"
The latest survey results on Real Clear Politics are showing some interesting movements in particular races--and one that suggests that as badly as the Republicans have screwed up on pork, on tolerating creeps like Mark Foley (and perhaps Jim Kolbe), voters may be responding to the concerns that Jim Geraghty's book Voting to Kill suggested would dominate American politics for many years: national security.
Look here, and you can see that the latest Quinnipac poll for Connecticut now shows Lieberman (the adult supervision wing of the Democratic Party) up seventeen points over Ned Lamont (the spoiled trust fund baby wing)--and the poll in question has a sample size of 881 likely voters--huge for a state race.
Lincoln Chaffee, Republican running for re-election in Rhode Island is still behind the Democratic challenger Whitehouse (talk about a name not likely to lead you there), but Whitehouse's lead in the latest poll is only four points, compared to nine points a week earlier.
Montana's U.S. Senate race was just about over, as far as many people were concerned, with Conrad Burns (R-MT) almost certainly losing to Democrat Jon Tester. Tester had double digit advantages over Burns a few weeks back--now the latest poll, done on October 18, shows Tester three points up on Burns. I don't know what the confidence interval is on this poll, but the sample is 500 likely voters--my suspicion is that three points is within the 95% confidence interval.
In Connnecticut House 2, in August polls, the Democrat had a enough of a lead for the Republican incumbent to be properly scared. Now, an October 18 poll of 774 likely voters shows the Republican incumbent two points ahead.
In Indiana House 7, there have been two polls. In early September, Democrat Carson was an insurmountable twenty points ahead (400 likely voters) of Republican Dickerson. A mid-October survey with 600 likely voters now shows Dickerson with a three point lead over Carson.
As I said, don't get cocky. The Democrats could still pick up enough seats to gain control of the House--but any Republican who thinks that there's no point in voting in early November is seriously and perhaps dangerously mistaken. (Democrats, of course, should ignore everything that they have read here--you are coasting to overwhelming victory, and don't need to worry about voting.)
Oh, and this guy is agonizingly close--eight points behind a Democrat who is outspending him more than 2:1. Even if you can only give $10 or $20 to his campaign, I would appreciate you doing so.
"Better 1950 Than 1250"
My wife went shopping at Savers today. Savers is a second hand clothing and junk store here in Boise. (She is probably the highest net worth person that ever goes into the place. We used to struggle financially, and she still shops as though it is 1982.) While she was in there, she noticed a Middle Eastern guy wearing the traditional long gown sort of thing that some Muslim men wear around here--and he was staring at her in the "undress her with your eyes" sort of way that really creepy guys sometimes do. It is strictly an intimidation thing, as far as she's concerned.
Now, understand, my wife wasn't dressed to thrill. (She never does.) She was wearing blue jeans (not even close to tight), a sweater (also not tight), and comfortable shoes. And yet this guy is staring at her like a hungry Doberman licking its chops at a steak. She walked a bit farther through the store--and again, this guy is giving that look which is a mixture of intimidation and desire.
My wife came home pretty irritated. Over the years, my wife has had this experience with a disproportionate number of Third World men. This is really no surprise; part of what makes Western culture somewhat shocking and horrifying to the Taliban--and to a lesser extent, a lot of men from "traditional" cultures--is that women are actually considered people here. You know, with minds, free wills, and rights. They are not simply baby-making machines, or sexual toys--as seems to be their role in some forms of Islam.
I can still recall the shock wave that poured over a twentieth century history class I was in many years ago. Professor Brown responded to the question of one of the very serious young women about women's equality, by explaining that until about 200-250 years, the notion of women as legal equals to men was completely unknown. This was a peculiarly Western idea, an outgrowth of the Enlightenment. In High Middle Ages class, Professor Abbott responded to a student's question about Christianity and women's rights by explaining that no, Christianity didn't lower the status of women, it raised it. (She had done much of her doctoral work in the area of Anglo-Saxon queens.) In both cases, it was clear that the students in question had been heavily indoctrinated into the "Christianity is a patriarchal institution created to oppress women, who were otherwise equal to men" nonsense that passes for conventional wisdom in some circles.
If my wife were blogging this, she would go on for several paragraphs about the rise of women playwrights and poets in Civil War and Restoration England, the bluestocking movement, and related activities that lead to Mary Wollstonecraft's A Vindication of the Rights of Women (1792).
My wife is terribly upset about the willingness of feminists and the rest of the progressive coalition to regard George Bush as a bigger danger than al-Qaeda, the Taliban, and the Islamofascist movement. Until 9/11, there were many feminists truly concerned about the Taliban--but when forced to choose between George Bush, and people who think that girls shouldn't learn to read, that it is better for girls to burn to death rather than leave the building fully covered, as happened in Saudi Arabia some years--well, that's an easy choice for the feminists and progressives. My wife is furious because feminists should be on the same side as Bush in fighting against the most extreme elements of a culture that would force every woman into a burkha, treat them socially and legally like children--and that sees a woman dressed positively dowdy buying clothes as some sort of sexual temptress.
The feminist/progressive agenda seems to focused entirely on the prospect of Bush appointing another Supreme Court Justice, which will suddenly, dramatically, and without any legislative action, take us back to 1950, forcing women to be barefoot and pregnant from 13 to 50. This isn't going to happen; even before activist judges start to strike down laws that they didn't like, American society was already experiencing pretty dramatic legal change. Connecticut's ban on contraceptives struck down in Griswold, for example, while not unique among the states, was also not ubiquitous. Nonetheless, my wife's reaction was, "Better 1950 than 1250."
How Much Trouble Are Republicans In?
The conventional wisdom is that the Democrats are going to take back the House and maybe the Senate as well. I mentioned yesterday that there is a pretty strong recent history of public opinion surveys being consistently wrong, giving the impression that the Democrats were well ahead, when they were at best even.
I was looking over Real Clear Politics list of the House races. They have them ranked in order of what they consider the chances of a change in party. Texas House 22 is no surprise; this was Tom DeLay's seat, and there is no Republican on the ballot. The only hope that they have there is a write-in vote.
But the second seat on the list is Arizona House 8--the one that I mentioned where Minuteman founder Randy Graf is only eight points back from the Democrat, who has more twice as much money to spend. If, as seems to often be the case, the actual vote is about 4-5 points closer than the surveys say, Graf is in spitting distance of taking the seat--especially if most of the 16% undecideds vote for Graf at the last minute. And this is the House seat that Real Clear Politics considers the second most likely to change party!
The third one down is Florida House 16, Mark Foley's seat--too late to put a Republican on the ballot, so people will be voting for a creep. Here's the shocker--the last poll conducted last week shows the Democrat only seven points up on the virtual Foley. This is a huge lead if the election comes out like the survey--but if the surveys are overstating Democratic votes 4-5 points, this is a horse race still.
The fourth most likely seat change is Indiana House 8--and the lead that the Democrat has there is huge--23 points in an early October survey. So why is such an enormous margin for the Democrat put this so far down on Real Clear Politics list? I'm confused--but it seems that Hostettler has a history of surprising wins against far better funded Democrats.
The fifth most likely seat change is Pennsylvania House 10, where the Democrat lead is huge--14 points in the last survey. Hint: do not have an adulterous affair, unless you represent a heavily Democratic district, or the adulterous affair is same-sex. I still don't see why this is regarded as less likely to change parties than Arizona House 8.
Sixth most likely is Colorado House 7, which was held by a Republican who retired--but the last survey shows the D and R tied, and this was after the Foley scandal broke.
I think you get my point. Of the six "most likely" House seats to change parties--and all six from Republican to Democrat--three of them are within spitting distance of victory--especially if the survey overstating of Democratic vote totals that has held in several recent elections ends up applying here.
Anonymous Sources "Out" An Idaho Politician
Oh yeah, like I'm going to really believe hearsay accounts from one person who won't identify his supposed multiple sources--and he does this just before the election, when there is time to damage reputations but not time to deal with the lies effectively. Even worse, if you spend any significant energy denying it, then the Democratic media decide, "Where there's smoke there's fire." If you don't deny it vigorously, then the Democratic media decide that you aren't really contesting the claim.
I think this is actually a pretty good indication of the desperation of the Democratic Party--hardly the sign of an organization that is confident about taking over the House. As one of the gay conservative bloggers pointed out (and I'm not linking to him because that would identify the politician), it is also a pretty clear sign of the willingness of the Democratic Party to exploit homophobia for political ends. I suspect that if it guaranteed them victory to demonize the appropriate groups, the Democrats would be having little badges made up already: pink triangles; yellow stars; and black crosses.
Do you remember, back in the 1980s, a miniseries called Amerika? It was set in a United States that, in response to a limited nuclear attack by the Soviet Union, surrendered, rather than suffer overwhelming retaliation. It had Sam Neil playing a KGB official in charge of one region of the Midwest, and Kris Kristofferson as a war hero who ran for President in the only free election allowed after the surrender. There's a scene that we see in flashback through a video clip, where the heroic but somewhat naive politician is politically destroyed just before the election by his wife, a KGB agent. She accuses him on a live television broadcast of having forced her to have sex with Soviet agents--and thus scuttles both his election hopes, and by implication, the last hope for the United States to remain one nation.
Really, there's a lot to this accusation that fits that model. It is sudden, unexpected, and timed to maximize damage.
I have several times observed that I have developed an increasing concern that the choice may be a reasonably free society, or one where homosexuals exercise power. The problems with Rep. Mark Foley (R), Rep. Gerry Studds (D), questions about Rep. Kolbe (R) going camping with pages--and now this attempt to destroy the reputation of a nationally prominent Republican with the modern equivalent of Joseph McCarthy holding up a sheet of paper and saying, "I have a list of Communists in the State Department" inclines me to think that as unfair as it might be for the Republican Party to engage in a pink purge--that may be the only choice left.
That's unfair, and that's unfortunate. There are a lot of gay conservatives and gay libertarians who vote Republican, because they put the policies of the Republican Party above identity group politics. But just like McCarthy's list worked because there were actually Communists in the State Department, and just about rational person knew that this was likely true, this sort of character assassination is surprisingly effective because the Republican Party has accepted homosexuals in its ranks. Democrats seem intent on forcing Republicans to throw every gay Republican out of office, and start snooping into the private affairs of elected officials for signs of homosexuality. But why is this a surprise? Democrats will do anything to get power--even forcing a pink purge.
This latest outrage has persuaded me to throw more money into Randy Graf's campaign for Arizona Congressional District 6, and some money into Bill Sali Idaho Congressional District 1 race. We are engaged in a fight between campaigning based on issues, and whispering smear campaigns. The Democrats haven't been content with, "We're not Republicans." Now they are engaged in what can only be called McCarthyism.
Astrophotography: Best Done Before It Gets Too Cold
I rolled the 5" f/9 refractor out last night with the hopes of doing some time exposures on the Andromeda Galaxy. (Yes, the 17.5" reflector gathers way more light, but it isn't an equatorial mount, and even all that aperture still needs at least many seconds to get a decent exposure on a faint diffuse object like Andromeda.)
1. Align the mount on Polaris. If I am doing strictly visual observing, I can point the mount close enough to north that it takes many minutes for objects drift out of the field of view. For astrophotography, you need to do a bit better.
The Losmandy GM-8 mount that I use has a polar alignment scope mounted in the polar axis. You unscrew a metal cover that exposes the alignment scope to the sky, and then plug in an illuminator to light up the reticle in the alignment scope.
But the illuminator was sitting in a case in the corner of the garage, under a pile of chunk that I really didn't want sort through in the cold and the dark. Turning on the garage lights would have ruined my dark adaptation.
2. It takes a while for the glass on the refractor to completely adjust to the outside temperature--which was freezing or close it. So I went back in the house to cuddle with my wife while watching TV. (Something bizarre on Animal Planet channel, I think.)
3. I came back out, and discovered that finding Andromeda wasn't spectacularly easy. The finderscope on the refractor is a 7x50mm, so it doesn't have spectacular light grasp compared to the 11x70mm binoculars that I normally use to find Andromeda. If that doesn't sound like a big difference--light gathering increases with the square of the increase in diameter, so 70mm means 1.96x time light, and using two eyes rather than one increases perceived brightness by the square root of two, so Andromeda looks about 2.77x brighter in the binoculars than the finderscope.
4. Over the weekend, I had moved the mount from the CI-700 tripod--which puts it up so high that I can't easily attach the camera to the telescope--to the G-11 tripod, which was adjusted to the lowest leg settings. This is a bit too low, because now I have to get down on the ground to look through the finderscope. This is cold and miserable. Unfortunately, adjusting the legs upward with the mount and telescope attached is probably too dangerous to do.
5. Finally, I had the main scope looking at Andromeda. I went into the house for a few minutes to see if the mount was tracking across the sky correctly. I came back ten minutes later, and Andromeda has drifted off to the north. By this point, my injured finger is beginning to hurt a little from the cold--and except where my parka has me covered, the rest of me is a bit colder than is really comfortable. That settles it. I'll try this again starting earlier in the evening, with the G-11 tripod legs extended about a foot.
The only really good news of the event is that instead of having to take everything apart to put it back the garage (about a ten minute operation), because I (unsurprisingly) have the ScopeRoller 11 casters on the G-11 tripod, it only takes about 20 seconds to disconnect the battery, and roll everything back inside.
Why the Bush=Hitler Meme Is So Prevalent
My wife is teaching English composition this semester, and as is so popular, she is teaching writing around the general theme of war and related issues. She does this partly because it interests her, and partly because students write more vigorously and passionately if they have strong feelings about the subject. She's careful to avoid turning it into a political indoctrination session, or expressing her opinions about particular policies, wars, or personalities--both of us had more than enough of that at Sonoma State University.
She has been quite disturbed at how readily students use words like "evil" to describe Bush, and the comparisons to Hitler, but she is beginning to figure out why this meme is so widespread. Students are arriving at college with almost no knowledge of history. She found out from her students today that in Meridian school district, their world history class devoted one paragraph to the Nazi concentration camps. In Boise school district, if her students are to be believed, the subject didn't come up.
What little her students know about concentration camps comes from watching Schindler's List. While a fine film, this describes a rare and unusually fortunate outcome of the Holocaust. The disturbing films of the liberation of the concentration camps? Her traditional age students have apparently not seen them. Their knowledge is woefully inadequate. It would appear that Hitler's greatest crime, at least from the statements made by students, was aggressive war about the Soviet Union. (And now you can understand Bush=Hitler!)
Someone please tell me that all these students were just too busy dozing in high school, and that one of the most horrifying moments of the century got a little more coverage than that. There are some things that you have to know about the past, or you just keep repeating the mistakes of the past.
Why Are Pre-Election Polls So Consistently Wrong?
The Skeptical Inquirer, a publication of the Committee for Scientific Investigation of Claims Of the Paranormal (CSICOP) used to have great fun taking the astrologers' predictions for the coming year and revisiting them a year later. Instapundit pointed to this similar retrospective by Riehl World View decided to do likewise with the poll numbers for the November 2002 elections--and points out that in state after state, the pre-election polls showed Democrats handily winning seats that inexplicably, ended up in Republican hands. One state where the Democrat actually won was six points ahead in the pre-election poll--but the actual vote margin was less than one point.
The problem here is that election polling has turned out to be wrong--and consistently wrong--for several elections now. I wonder how much of this is "likely" Democrats are turning out to be less likely voters than "likely" Republicans, and how much is a fundamental survey technique problem of unbiased sampling.
One of my sisters worked for a survey firm several election cycles back, and about 1/4 of the people that she called simply refused to participate. If this refusal were randomly distributed, it wouldn't matter. If Republicans are more likely to refuse to participate, it could seriously skew the results. Most importantly, if someone doesn't participate in the survey, there's no demographic information available to weight the raw data correctly.
My wife, for example, is simply too busy to bother with political opinion surveys. I remember some years ago seeing a survey that asked people if they would rather have more money, or more time. This survey found that Democrats wished that they had more money, and Republicans wished that they had more time. If this is still the case--that Republicans are shorter on time than Democrats--it might explain why these polls are so consistently wrong on the Democrat side.
NRA Candidate Ratings Came Out
Where I lived in California, my choice was often between candidates who had an F-rating, or a D-rating. In Idaho, things are a bit different. For U.S. House of Representatives, District 1, the choice is an A-rated Republican (Bill Sali), and an A-rated Democrat (Larry Grant).
Lower down the ticket, however, things aren't so wonderful. For State Senate, I have the choice of a C-rated Republican (the incumbent, Tim Corder) and a ?-rated Democrat (Henry Hibbert--probably didn't return the questionnaire).
The lower house of Idaho's legislature is called the House of Representatives, and I get to vote for someone in District 22A and District 22B. For 22B, an A+ rated Republican (Pete Nielsen) and an A rated Democrat (Dawn D. Best). For 22A, there is a B+ rated Republican (Rich Wills) and an F-rated Democrat (Karen M. Schindele).
Hmmm. Maybe I should run against Wills in 2008. I wonder what a typical campaign costs to run in this district? Where I lived in California, if you didn't have half a million dollars to spend (of either your own money, or that of people who would expect favors from you later), you were just wasting your money and your time. I wonder what is required here?
UPDATE: Perhaps less than I thought. Wills seems to have raised less than $6000. Issues that I care about:
I want to see an extension of either a community college or university in every county in the state, or at least within reasonable driving distance. Yes, it would cost some money, but there are ways to do this on the cheap--especially if a sharing arrangement can be made with a high school to teach classes in the afternoons and evenings. (High school because for some lab sciences, you need a lab.) In many of the outlying counties of Idaho, this would actually work well for working adults. Even a lot of traditional age college students in the outlying counties are working full-time or part-time. To the extent that we improve the job skills of people living in rural Idaho, increasing incomes and therefore income tax revenue, as well as reducing need for transfer payments, this may be at least partially self-funding.
More effort to identify mentally ill persons who are unable to care for themselves and find ways to solve this problem, either through civil commitment, or persuasion--although this is an area where Idaho is making a very serious effort already for those mentally ill persons who run afoul of the law.
I'm not sure what can or needs to be done about child abuse, but I know that it is a serious problem here. There are so many serious problems in adulthood that start with either physical or sexual abuse. Again, this isn't free, but as with education, solving some of these problems in childhood reduces the costs of mental hospitals, prisons, and jails.
UPDATE 2: Actually, the more I look at this, the less sense it makes. Yes, I think a part-time legislature makes a lot of sense, but "Salary: $15,646 per year" means that I will need to be retired first.
More Moments in Evolutionary Biology
I injured my finger several weeks back with an end mill and drill press; you may recall the gruesome picture. Well, in spite of using neosporin topical antibiotic cream on it, there is clearly still an infection there (red and puffy, and occasionally pus coming out), so I went to the doctor today. Because so many staph infections are now resistant to the most modern antibiotics, the current national recommendation is...sulfa. Why, I felt like getting into my Model T, driving home, and listening to our President give a Fireside Chat on the radio!
This was a bit surprising at first, because sulfa drugs aren't really antibiotics; they are bacteriostats--they just prevent or slow bacteria from reproducing, so that the body's own immune system can do its job without being overwhelmed. The pus is a sign that my body's immune is at work; pus has its charming color because of white blood cells that gave everything in the battle against invaders. Sulfa drugs date from the 1930s, and once genuine antibiotics came along, such as penicillin, they became much less commonly used.
And that lack of common use has a benefit today: biologists today define species in terms of gene frequency (since the old definition of fertile offspring hasn't survived the dog-wolf hybrids). Those members of the various species of staph that had resistance to a lot of the modern antibiotics have apparently become more common in frequency than the less resistant forms (no surprise), but appear not to be able to handle the bacteriostatic effects of sulfa.
The Most Fascinating Science News of the Week, The Month--Maybe The Year
The New Jersey Coalition for Self-Defense blog linked to this absolutely fascinating and clearly relevant piece of scientific research about diet and violence--and if the research can be confirmed, suggests a way to substantially reduce violence--although unfortunately, opening up a never-ending string of lawsuits by the ambulance chasers. The article in the Guardian:Demar has been in and out of prison so many times he has lost count of his convictions. "Being drunk, being disorderly, trespass, assault and battery; you name it, I did it. How many times I been in jail? I don't know, I was locked up so much it was my second home."
The scientist at the National Institute of Health running this study explains why he thinks this dietary change makes a difference:
Demar has been taking part in a clinical trial at the US government's National Institutes for Health, near Washington. The study is investigating the effects of omega-3 fatty acid supplements on the brain, and the pills that have effected Demar's "miracle" are doses of fish oil.
The results emerging from this study are at the cutting edge of the debate on crime and punishment. In Britain we lock up more people than ever before. Nearly 80,000 people are now in our prisons, which reached their capacity this week.
But the new research calls into question the very basis of criminal justice and the notion of culpability. It suggests that individuals may not always be responsible for their aggression. Taken together with a study in a high-security prison for young offenders in the UK, it shows that violent behaviour may be attributable at least in part to nutritional deficiencies.
The UK prison trial at Aylesbury jail showed that when young men there were fed multivitamins, minerals and essential fatty acids, the number of violent offences they committed in the prison fell by 37%. Although no one is suggesting that poor diet alone can account for complex social problems, the former chief inspector of prisons Lord Ramsbotham says that he is now "absolutely convinced that there is a direct link between diet and antisocial behaviour, both that bad diet causes bad behaviour and that good diet prevents it."
The Dutch government is currently conducting a large trial to see if nutritional supplements have the same effect on its prison population. And this week, new claims were made that fish oil had improved behaviour and reduced aggression among children with some of the most severe behavioural difficulties in the UK.His hypothesis is that modern industrialised diets may be changing the very architecture and functioning of the brain.
Now, this doesn't seem to be case for everyone. I wonder if it might be something where some people are simply not able to handle the shortage of omega-3 as well as others. For example, the article explains that kids without behavioral problems don't seem to get much benefit from omega-3 rich diets. But if a small percentage of our population has a serious inability to control rage because of a dietary problem, that's something that can be fixed. It might also explain why the 20th century saw a rather impressive increase in violence in the U.S.:
We are suffering, he believes, from widespread diseases of deficiency. Just as vitamin C deficiency causes scurvy, deficiency in the essential fats the brain needs and the nutrients needed to metabolise those fats is causing of a host of mental problems from depression to aggression. Not all experts agree, but if he is right, the consequences are as serious as they could be. The pandemic of violence in western societies may be related to what we eat or fail to eat. Junk food may not only be making us sick, but mad and bad too.
...
The researchers at the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, which is part of NIH, had placed adverts for aggressive alcoholics in the Washington Post in 2001. Some 80 volunteers came forward and have since been enrolled in the double blind study. They have ranged from homeless people to a teacher to a former secret service agent. Following a period of three weeks' detoxification on a locked ward, half were randomly assigned to 2 grams per day of the omega-3 fatty acids EPA and DHA for three months, and half to placebos of fish-flavoured corn oil.
An earlier pilot study on 30 patients with violent records found that those given omega-3 supplements had their anger reduced by one-third, measured by standard scales of hostility and irritability, regardless of whether they were relapsing and drinking again. The bigger trial is nearly complete now and Dell Wright, the nurse administering the pills, has seen startling changes in those on the fish oil rather than the placebo. "When Demar came in there was always an undercurrent of aggression in his behaviour. Once he was on the supplements he took on the ability not to be impulsive. He kept saying, 'This is not like me'."
Demar has been out of trouble and sober for a year now. He has a girlfriend, his own door key, and was made employee of the month at his company recently. Others on the trial also have long histories of violence but with omega-3 fatty acids have been able for the first time to control their anger and aggression. J, for example, arrived drinking a gallon of rum a day and had 28 scars on his hand from punching other people. Now he is calm and his cravings have gone. W was a 19st barrel of a man with convictions for assault and battery. He improved dramatically on the fish oil and later told doctors that for the first time since the age of five he had managed to go three months without punching anyone in the head.Over the last century most western countries have undergone a dramatic shift in the composition of their diets in which the omega-3 fatty acids that are essential to the brain have been flooded out by competing omega-6 fatty acids, mainly from industrial oils such as soya, corn, and sunflower. In the US, for example, soya oil accounted for only 0.02% of all calories available in 1909, but by 2000 it accounted for 20%. Americans have gone from eating a fraction of an ounce of soya oil a year to downing 25lbs (11.3kg) per person per year in that period. In the UK, omega-6 fats from oils such as soya, corn, and sunflower accounted for 1% of energy supply in the early 1960s, but by 2000 they were nearly 5%. These omega-6 fatty acids come mainly from industrial frying for takeaways, ready meals and snack foods such as crisps, chips, biscuits, ice-creams and from margarine. Alcohol, meanwhile, depletes omega-3s from the brain.
There's a detailed technical explanation as well:
To test the hypothesis, Hibbeln and his colleagues have mapped the growth in consumption of omega-6 fatty acids from seed oils in 38 countries since the 1960s against the rise in murder rates over the same period. In all cases there is an unnerving match. As omega-6 goes up, so do homicides in a linear progression. Industrial societies where omega-3 consumption has remained high and omega-6 low because people eat fish, such as Japan, have low rates of murder and depression.
Of course, all these graphs prove is that there is a striking correlation between violence and omega 6-fatty acids in the diet. They don't prove that high omega-6 and low omega-3 fat consumption actually causes violence. Moreover, many other things have changed in the last century and been blamed for rising violence - exposure to violence in the media, the breakdown of the family unit and increased consumption of sugar, to take a few examples. But some of the trends you might expect to be linked to increased violence - such as availability of firearms and alcohol, or urbanisation - do not in fact reliably predict a rise in murder across countries, according to Hibbeln.Essential fatty acids are called essential because humans cannot make them but must obtain them from the diet. The brain is a fatty organ - it's 60% fat by dry weight, and the essential fatty acids are what make part of its structure, making up 20% of the nerve cells' membranes. The synapses, or junctions where nerve cells connect with other nerve cells, contain even higher concentrations of essential fatty acids - being made of about 60% of the omega-3 fatty acid DHA.
You can read the scientific paper about this here. I strongly encourage you to read either the entire article in the Guardian, or the paper.
Communication between the nerve cells depends on neurotransmitters, such as serotonin and dopamine, docking with receptors in the nerve cell membrane.
Omega-3 DHA is very long and highly flexible. When it is incorporated into the nerve cell membrane it helps make the membrane itself elastic and fluid so that signals pass through it efficiently. But if the wrong fatty acids are incorporated into the membrane, the neurotransmitters can't dock properly. We know from many other studies what happens when the neurotransmitter systems don't work efficiently. Low serotonin levels are known to predict an increased risk of suicide, depression and violent and impulsive behaviour. And dopamine is what controls the reward processes in the brain.
Laboratory tests at NIH have shown that the composition of tissue and in particular of the nerve cell membrane of people in the US is different from that of the Japanese, who eat a diet rich in omega-3 fatty acids from fish. Americans have cell membranes higher in the less flexible omega-6 fatty acids, which appear to have displaced the elastic omega-3 fatty acids found in Japanese nerve cells.
Hibbeln's theory is that because the omega-6 fatty acids compete with the omega-3 fatty acids for the same metabolic pathways, when omega-6 dominates in the diet, we can't convert the omega-3s to DHA and EPA, the longer chain versions we need for the brain. What seems to happen then is that the brain picks up a more rigid omega-6 fatty acid DPA instead of DHA to build the cell membranes - and they don't function so well.
Other experts blame the trans fats produced by partial hydrogenation of industrial oils for processed foods. Trans fats have been shown to interfere with the synthesis of essentials fats in foetuses and infants. Minerals such as zinc and the B vitamins are needed to metabolise essential fats, so deficiencies in these may be playing an important part too.
There is also evidence that deficiencies in DHA/EPA at times when the brain is developing rapidly - in the womb, in the first 5 years of life and at puberty - can affect its architecture permanently. Animal studies have shown that those deprived of omega-3 fatty acids over two generations have offspring who cannot release dopamine and serotonin so effectively.
"The extension of all this is that if children are left with low dopamine as a result of early deficits in their own or their mother's diets, they cannot experience reward in the same way and they cannot learn from reward and punishment. If their serotonin levels are low, they cannot inhibit their impulses or regulate their emotional responses," Hibbeln points out.
Sobering, isn't it? My wife has noticed that kids today are dramatically less capable of self-control than when we were young. We've assumed that it was the daycare generation. But perhaps what we are seeing is the dramatic transformation of our diet from the early 1960s when my wife and I were growing up, and the 1980s and 1990s. Do you know that Coca-Cola used to use cane sugar, but they switched to corn syrup some years ago? I believe that the only way to get cane sugar Coca-Cola now is to buy the Kosher for Passover Coca-Cola. (Why corn syrup isn't kosher is explained here.)
I've seen the claim made that corn syrup places a part in increasing myopia--although at least one of the places that I've seen making this claim is selling omega-3 supplements. However, scientific journals have published papers that would indicate some connections between infant diet and visual development that fit into the omega-3 hypothesis.
Can I Persuade The Brady Campaign to Send Me Money?
Perhaps. Say Uncle, another gun rights blogger, noticed that, probably because of mentioning the Brady Campaign, that the ad bar started bringing up Brady Campaign ads:I noticed the Brady Campaign is showing up in my Google ads. Thought it was ironic. They are outraged, ya know. But they’re buying me guns, $0.10 at a time.
I'm tempted to try the same approach. One of two things will happen:
1. They will run ads in my ad bar--which will be about as effective as when the Mongolian government in the early 1980s tried to sell gold postage stamps by buying the Libertarian Party voter registration list from the California Secretary of State. I can see the marketing idiot involved: "Well, you know, Libertarians are big believers in gold. I'm sure that they will be interested in putting money into the Mongolian government's pockets." This was probably the least successful mail marketing campaign in history.
2. They will stop advertising blindly on ad bars--reducing their presence.
Either way is a win.
UPDATE: I had originally written "North Korean government" above, and I found myself wondering how this could have been attempted, since trade with North Korea was completely prohibited. I thought about it more, and realized that it was the Mongolian government.
Like a Saturday Night Live Skit
Different River recently linked to a sad news story of a 63 year old man who robbed a bank because this way he would get free room and board in prison until he could start collecting Social Security benefits. Then Different River followed it up with a story that isn't so much sad as funny:Now, we hear that young Palestinians are carrying small bombs through Israeli checkpoints to get arrested – so they can get an Israeli high school diploma while in prison!
Those evil Israelis! We must destroy them! But not until we get them to educate us!
More on the Race To Replace Rep. Kolbe (R-AZ)
I mentioned a couple of days ago how Republican Randy Graf is now only eight points back from Democrat Giffords in the race for Arizona's 8th Congressional district--and how the national Republican Party has worked hard to make sure that Graf didn't get the nomination, because they perceived him unelectable. After all, Graf is notorious for taking a position about immigration that agrees with the vast majority of Republicans and a majority of Democrats in the U.S.
Now I see that Graf has pulled up within spitting distance of Giffords while spending far less money:Congressional candidate Gabrielle Giffords has spent nearly $1.4 million on her District 8 campaign, according to recently released financial disclosures. Giffords, the Democrat seeking retiring Republican Jim Kolbe's seat, had raised almost $1.8 million as of Sept. 30. Randy Graf, her Republican opponent, had raised nearly $774,000 and spent $532,000.
Wouldn't it have been interesting if the national Republican Party had decided to help a Republican candidate for Congress? I mean, this would assume that the national Republican Party was more interested in retaining control of the House than in keeping the supply of cheap and docile illegal labor coming into the U.S.
I keep getting requests from the Republican National Committee for money to help with the campaign. But I think I'll be contributing directly to Randy Graf's campaign instead. Click here to make a credit card contribution to Graf's campaign--I just sent $50 to his campaign. If even 10% of of my readers kicked in $20 each, that would be more than $2000--probably enough to pay for part of a TV commercial or send out 4000-6000 pieces of direct mail. I can think of no better way to get the message across to the RNC that open borders and lowering wages for U.S. citizens and legal residents is not okay.
Trying To Shove People Into a Slot Doesn't Work
Cathy Seipp's otherwise insightful review of Emilie Raymond's Charlton Heston and American Politics does a fine job of demonstrating the difficulty in calling Moses a neocon, but Seipp's suggestion that Heston was more properly aligned with libertarian thought suffers one rather serious problem: They do know that libertarians are for legalized drugs, and against any criticism of bad language or sex in the Hollywood product, so . . . great!
Heston took a strong position on the subject of "bad language...in the Hollywood product" with his strongly worded criticism of music companies producing and distributing rap music that encouraged cop killing. This page indicates that Heston penned an article titled, "Song Lyrics Should Be Subject to Free Speech Limitation" which I can't find, but I don't find inconsistent with Heston's often stated positions.
I don't know exactly where Heston might have placed himself on the political spectrum, but trying to fit him into the libertarian slot doesn't work. At various times in his career he was a civil rights activist, a gun control advocate (right after the assassination of Robert Kennedy), an opponent of abortion, and a board member of Accuracy in Media, a conservative media watchdog organization. I was disappointed but not surprised to hear him defend the National Endowment for the Arts.
I have great respect for Charlton Heston, even when I have not agreed with him. But he sure doesn't fit very well into neat little pigeonholes, whether neocon, conservative, libertarian, or liberal.
UPDATE: A reader tells me: The Heston article you can't find isn't online, it's Heston, Charlton. “Song Lyrics Should Be Subject to Free Speech Limitations.” Free Speech. Ed. Bruno Leone. Current Controversies. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, Inc., 1994. 123-125.
He also suggests that it may just be a retitling of this National Review article by Heston, which recognizes that the First Amendment is not unlimited, and I would say safely takes Heston out of the libertarian slot:
That's "Limitations" with an "s." (Not your fault, of course.)
The Current Controversies series is for schoolchildren, giving the pro and con on gun control, abortion, and similar issues.I condemn the responsible officials in this company. Long after police groups across the country, the President of the United States, members of Congress, and major religious and media figures protested Body Count, Time-Warner began to ship CDs to disc jockeys in miniature black plastic body bags. Isn't that cute? A Time-Warner spokesman called this "a promotional gimmick." Is this the same clever executive who proposed as the cover art on another upcoming album a gunman lurking with an Uzi near the White House, waiting for President Bush?
In many respects, Heston's position about free speech is what liberalism was, a century ago (hence the quote from the great liberal Supreme Court Justice Holmes), and the position that conservatives take today. Freedom of speech is not unlimited, nor does it preclude criminal and civil liability for its results. Incitement to riot is a crime (although it has always seemed an extreme example of this liablity); libel in some states is still a crime, and carries civil liability; treason (as defined in the Constitution) is a crime; copyright infringement (which is a form of speech--duplicating the speech of others) is a crime.
In the end, of course, the buck stops at the top. At Gerald Levin. In the beginning, he could, probably honestly, have said, "Look, I don't have time to listen to rap lyrics. If some clown in the record division screwed up, we'll deal with it." Instead, since the CD was already successful, he tried to claim the moral high ground with protestations of Time-Warner's respect for the artist's creative freedom. Mr. Levin--come on. I've been doing this for a living all my life. I know, at least as well as you do, that an artist's creative freedom depends on the success of his last work and the demand for his next. All entertainment companies reject, alter, and cancel hundreds of artists' projects each year.
You also claimed the lyrics in Body Count were protected by the First Amendment. I know, at least as well as you do, that the right to free speech is not without limits, both public and private. I'm exercising my right of free speech this very moment, but I know, at least as well as you do, that it'll be a cold day in Hell before I'm offered another picture at Warner's, or get another good review in Time magazine.
Supreme Court Justice Holmes said it: Free speech does not include the right to yell "Fire!" in a crowded theater. The lyrics of "Cop Killer" go a lot further than that. They celebrate the murder of police officers. A year ago, you pulled country singer Holly Dunn's song, "Maybe I Mean Yes," out of release because some groups felt it might encourage date rape. Where was your concern for the rights of artists then, sir? Rape is a terrible crime. So is murder, Mr. Levin.
If You Get An Email About Madelyn Murray O'Hair's FCC Petition...
Don't ignore it. Do a Reply All to let everyone who received that email know that it is bogus. The email refers to FCC petition 2493--which was filed in 1974, rejected by the FCC in 1975, and while it was an attempt to prevent religious broadcasting, did not involve Madelyn Murray O'Hair. This has produced such a flood of useless mail that the FCC has a specific page about it, here.
I would love to know who gets things like this going. If I were prepared to give credit for intelligence to the Democrats, I would suggest that they started it, so as to focus Christians in the United States on everything but what really matters--the elections coming up in three weeks. Especially, Democrats takin control of the U.S. Senate would mean that the next appointment (which many consider likely in the next two years) would be at best a lukewarm Republican like David Souter or Sandra Day O'Connor.
You Learn Something New Every Day
At least I do. First, a little background on callable bonds.
Bonds are either "callable" or "non-callable." This means that if the bond is supposed to mature November 15, 2016, and it is callable, then the bond issuer may redeem the bond before maturity. Callable bonds usually have a call schedule that defines on what dates, and at what price, the bond may be called. For example, if a bond maturing 11/15/2016 is callable, it might have a call schedule that specifies that it can be called on 11/15/2008 at 100% of its face value (also commonly called par value), on 11/15/2010 at 102% of its face value, and on 11/15/2012 at 104% of its face value.
I've never seen a call schedule for a bond that allowed the bond issuer to call the bond below par, although I suspect that someone, somewhere has issued such bonds. However: if you buy a callable bond above par, you have to worry about the possibility that if your bond is called before maturity, you may find that whatever spectacular interest rate the bond was paying, what you have lost from buying a bond for $1100--and having it redeemed for $1000--will turn the bond from a spectacular investment, into a disappointing investment--or even a loss, if the difference between purchase price and redemption price is large enough. (Of course, this loss will usually be a long-term capital loss, so you can use it to wipe out your long-term capital gains for the year in which your bond is called.)
When you look at a schedule of available bonds, at least on the Schwab website, you will see annualized yield in two categories: YTM (Yield to Maturity) and YTW (Yield to Worst). The YTW column tells you what your worst annualized yield would be if the bond was called before maturity.
As a general rule, I don't like surprises--especially on bonds, which are supposed to be boring, safe, and predictable. For that reason, I usually only look at bonds that are selling at or below par.
I don't need any capital losses--you can use $3000 of capital losses each year to offset your capital gains, and you get to carry over the unused portion from year to year. The great meltdown of the stock market in 2001 and 2002, and my liquidation of some of my barking, furry mutual funds, left me with enough capital losses to carry over perhaps into retirement. Consequently, if I buy bonds or stocks, I don't really need any more capital losses--I've reached my limit for this year, and next year, and many years into the future.
Anyway, today's lesson was the mysterious term "Make Whole Call." What's that? There are callable bonds that have no call schedule--just this mysterious tag. I called up Schwab's bond specialists, and they explained that a "Make Whole Call" bond is one that is generally only called as a result of an emergency by the bond issue--a tax law change, for example, that strongly encouraged them to get out of debt.
If they call such a bond, you are guaranteed to get at least the par value of the bond, and generally an interest premium to partially compensate you for losing subsequent interest on the bond. (Although this description of "Make Whole Call" indicates that you are not guaranteed par value for the bond itself, but that it is almost always a win for the bondholder, and this is a rarely used option.) For each bond, the premium tends to be different, but the bond specialist explained that one of the "Make Whole Call" bonds that had grabbed my interest was specified to pay a premium on call of whatever the current 5-year Treasury bond yield was, plus 25 basis points. So if when the bond was called, a 5-year Treasury bond was yielding 4.70%, you would get 4.95% on top of the par value of the bond.
Ways To Get Whipped Good By The Treasury Yield Curve
The longer the maturity of a fixed-rate bond, the more dramatically the price of the bond can change in response to changing interest rates. A bond that matures next year will be barely affected in value by even dramatic changes in current interest rates or inflation projections; the worst that happens, you can just wait until next year for the bond to mature. A long maturity bond is another matter. If interest rates or long-term inflation expectations rise dramatically, you can see startling reductions in the current value of your fixed-rate bond. Similarly, dropping interest rates or inflation expectations can send the current value of your fixed-rate bond flying upward.
If you have been watching the Treasury yield curve carefully (as I do), you've noticed that the far end of the curve--out at 30 year maturity--moves around quite dramatically. I think of it as a whip. The end near your hand doesn't move all that quickly, but at the far end of a 12 foot whip, that tip can start to have supersonic speeds--hence the crack from a smartly handled whip, as the tip breaks the sound barrier.
The longer maturity your bond, the more that Treasury yield curve whip can cause you pain or pleasure. I was just looking for deals and I found a bond maturing in 2094 (CUSIP 12614QAK1). If you had enormous confidence that interest rates have reached their peak, this might be a good one grab--and watch it fly upward in value. But if you guess wrong, that tip of the yield curve is gonna hurt!
Should Government Officials Try to Pressure TV Stations To Fire Journalists?
If George Bush suggested that CBS should fire Dan Rather over the forged documents, there would have been an uproar, and rightly so. But the rules all work differently in the other direction:Last week, KGO radio talk-show host Pete Wilson made some comments about a child born to Supervisor Bevan Dufty, who is gay, and Rebecca Goldfader, who is a lesbian. As Wilson put it, a baby is "not an experiment. It is not an opportunity to see how far you can carry your views on parenting, alternative lifestyles or diversity in family structures."
And: "Look around you, folks. You think the high divorce rate in this country has been, generally speaking, good for kids? So, why not start out divorced? See if that'll work." ...
Wilson supports same-sex marriage and gay parenting. Doesn't matter. Last week, S.F. Supervisors Tom Ammiano, Chris Daly, Ross Mirkarimi and Aaron Peskin held a press conference at which they called Wilson "homophobic" and demanded that he resign his job.
Yes, San Francisco is very tolerant -- unless you hold the wrong opinion. Then the supes will try to get you fired.
...
Assemblyman Mark Leno, D-S.F., did not call on Wilson to resign and now says, because Wilson has apologized, it is time to move on. Still, Leno also raised the question Monday of whether "it is inappropriate for Wilson to be wearing those two hats" -- that Wilson can't be a "loose cannon" on the radio and "an impartial anchorman."
Be it noted that some journalists see a real conflict of interest in Wilson working as an anchorman and talk-show host. Then again, no one complained about the two hats before. Wilson has opposed the war in Iraq, and they weren't wringing their hands about his credibility then.
Judith Appel, executive director of the alternative-family Our Family Coalition, would not tell me if she thought Wilson should lose his job, or not. She attended the anti-Wilson event as it provided an "opportunity" to highlight alternative families with "adults who love their children."
Ammiano is the last man in the world I'd want for that mission. Deliberately ignoring Wilson's point, Ammiano accused the talk-show host of trying to "dehumanize a week-old baby." He declared that Wilson's "manhood is threatened." Noting that he would never criticize Wilson's offspring, Ammiano added, "I would never ask how much grunting and sweating there was -- and God knows it probably it didn't last very long -- at that kid's conception."
Feel the love?
Trivia Question That You Almost Certainly Won't Get Right
This governor went on to become president. While he was governor, and under his direction, 30% of the state's mental patients were deinstitutionalized. The state and the governor were?
No, the answers aren't "California" and "Ronald Antichrist Reagan." The answers are Georgia, and Jimmy Carter. From Gerald N. Grob, "Public Policy and Mental Illnesses: Jimmy Carter’s Presidential Commission on Mental Health," Milbank Quarterly [2005] 83:3, 425-456:As the governor of Georgia, Jimmy Carter had established the Commission to Improve Services to the Mentally and Emotionally Retarded, and his wife Rosalynn persuaded him to appoint her to the commission. During Carter’s term in office, the number of hospitalized patients fell by about 30 percent, and a large number of CMHCs [Community Mental Health Clinics] were created. As early as 1974 Mrs. Carter decided that if her husband were elected president, she would continue to focus on mental health reform. Her hope was that the seemingly beneficial results of deinstitutionalization and the creation of CMHCs in Georgia could be replicated on a national level. Nevertheless, her knowledge of the mental health system was relatively limited. She accepted the prevailing assumption that CMHCs could treat persons with serious mental disorders more effectively than traditional mental hospitals could, a belief based largely on ideology rather than empirical evidence (Ayres 1979; Carter 1984; Gallagher 1974; Stroud 1977).
Yet Another Interesting Twist on the History of Deinstitutionalization
In the course of my reading, I ran into this fascinating claim by Gerald N. Grob, "Public Policy and Mental Illnesses: Jimmy Carter’s Presidential Commission on Mental Health," Milbank Quarterly [2005] 83:3, 425-456:After World War II, however, mental hospitals began to lose their social and medical legitimacy. The experiences of the military during the war in successfully treating soldiers with psychiatric symptoms and returning them to their units led to the conviction that outpatient treatment in the community was more effective than confinement in remote institutions that shattered social relationships. The war also hastened the emergence of psychodynamic and psychoanalytic psychiatry, with its emphasis on the importance of life experiences and socioenvironmental factors. Taken together, these changes contributed to the belief that early intervention in the community would be effective in preventing subsequent hospitalization and thus avoiding chronicity.
Of course, soldiers with psychiatric problems were usually suffering from the stresses and horrors of war. For the most part, soldiers were not suffering from a psychosis like schizophrenia. I scratch my head when I read this claim, because psychiatrists of all people should have known that these are two fundamentally different categories of problems. To think that the military's experience treating sane people thrown into an insane situation was applicable to civilian life--where insanity stems largely from biochemical problems--was incredibly foolish.
Who Is David Kuo?
He was Deputy Director of the Office of Faith-Based and Community Initiatives at the White House until a couple of years back. I just saw him being interviewed by Wolf Blitzer on CNN about his new book, Tempting Faith: An Inside Story of Political Seduction. Among Kuo's claims that many people in the White House regarded evangelical Christians as "goofy" and held them in contempt--and that the whole faith-based initiative idea was just a way of manipulating the base. He proposed that Christians should take a "two year fast" from politics. (How convenient: just before the elections!)
Now, if you told me that there are people in the Republican Party who regard evangelical Christians as another interest group to mobilize and manipulate, I would hardly call this surprising. Even people that on are on our side are going to do their best, even with the best of intentions, to motivate the base. I would like Kuo to name names, however. Blitzer repeatedly tried to get Kuo to say who was "rolling his eyes" and expressing contempt for evangelical Christians. Kuo refused to do so, and refused to say that Karl Rove was in that group. He also refused to say that Bush held this view, and claimed that while Bush was more concerned that the faith-based initiative program look good than do good, he did seem to believe that Bush's intentions were honorable.
So I thought it would be interesting to see how long Kuo has been aware of this problem. Oddly enough, it seems to be pretty recently developed. I looked back through statements and speeches he gave since he left the White House--and I found examples like this speech from April of 2005:Four years later these tax incentives and other spending programs haven’t yet been enacted. The White House could certainly have done more. That’s already been said. However, were it not for the President’s interest in these issues, we wouldn’t be here today. That brings me to Congress. Save for the tireless action of this committee that has repeatedly pushed for charitable tax incentives, I have been astonished by the lack of interest in these matters by your colleagues. The CARE Act is a perfect example. For the last few years the CARE Act has had overwhelming bi-partisan support, and has gone nowhere. Why? In large part it is because of widespread congressional apathy and a desire for political gamesmanship on all sides. I have been quoted as saying that the White House knows how to get what it really wants to get. That is true. But just as certainly Congress knows how to get what Congress wants. Why hasn’t Congress been a passionate advocate on behalf of charities and the poor in the midst of economic crisis, a downturn in charitable giving and an upturn in social service needs?
And there's this speech from June of 2005:A great deal of what he envisioned has come to pass. There is a White House Office of Faith-Based and Community Initiatives and there are coordinating centers in most major federal agencies. Tens of thousands of people have been educated about how to apply for government funds and what they can and cannot do with those funds. Grants have been given out to scores of different organizations and small pilot projects to assist children of prisoners, mentoring, and drug addicts have been launched. Most importantly, an irreversible message has been heard across the country – faith-based groups are fully welcome, fully legal, and absolutely necessary to America’s fight against poverty. Were it not for President Bush’s vision we would not be meeting here today.
Now, the statements from 2005 are not directly contradictory to what he was telling Wolf Blitzer this evening--but either Kuo was greatly mistaken when he testified before Congress in 2005 (after he had left the White House) that the White House had made a serious effort, and Congress had dropped the ball, or he has suddenly discovered that the White House made no serious effort on the faith-based initiative program--and his testimony before Congressional committees in 2005 is now "inoperative."
At the same time, the core funding commitment he made in Indianapolis has not been fulfilled. Four years later, rather than $32 billion in new spending and tax incentives for the poor we’ve seen a few hundred million at best. There is a chasm between what was promised and what has been delivered that cannot be glossed over by any new White House reports, initiatives, policies, conferences, speeches, pronouncements or purportedly objective data collection intended to make the failure look better. It can only be bridged by the fulfillment of the original promise. I still believe that the promise will be fulfilled.
The failure to deliver the promised financial support for the poor lies equally on the executive and legislative branches of government. The White House could certainly have done more and hopefully will do more to push through needed funding increases to address record American poverty. But at least the White House has tried.
From where I sit I cannot say the same thing about most of Congress. I have been saddened by widespread congressional apathy and the desire for political gamesmanship rather than substantive aid. Why hasn't Congress been the compassionate advocate on behalf of charities and the poor in the midst of an economic crisis, a downturn in charitable giving, and an upturn in social service needs?
Gee, do you suppose the desire to sell a lot of books might have provoked a certain revision of the past?
Kind of Sad, But Perhaps A Warning Sign for the Catholic Church
Rod Dreher is a columnist for National Review, and until recently, a Roman Catholic. This column describes (perhaps at too much length) the recent decision of he and his wife to move to the Orthodox Church. (In his case, it sounds like a Russian Orthodox Church, but the differences between that and the Greek Orthodox Church aren't that huge.)
I must confess that I don't quite understand the level of emotional attachment that some people have for a particular Christian denomination. I was raised in the Salvation Army denomination (until my eight year old arrogance got carried away, and I declared myself an atheist to stop going). My wife and I have attended Protestant churches of a number of denominations over the years, but if you ask us what we are, the answer has never been, "Nazarene," "Southern Baptist," "Church of God," or "Reformed Church" even though we have attended churches of all those denominations. The denominational differences within Protestantism, for the most part, aren't the major determinants of which churches we have attended.
Dreher's discussion of the pain associated with leaving the Roman Catholic Church makes me think of what I might feel if I were to become a citizen of another country. That would freak me out as much as Dreher's decision to leave the Catholic Church, and for much the same reason: for close to 400 years, for sixteen generations (at least on some lines), my family has been American. Across this country are the final resting places of roughly 30,000 of my ancestors, and probably 150,000 of my first through thirteenth cousins. My family is not just of American citizenship; in a very biological sense, America is now made up of my family.
Dreher was driven out by the willingness of the Catholic clergy, especially at the higher levels, to tolerate and then cover-up molesting priests--and from his description, this attitude hasn't really gone away:And then I discovered entirely by accident -- indeed, in the process of helping bring a friend into the Church -- that a priest at the parish was not supposed to be in ministry. He had been suspended by his diocese in Pennsylvania after formal abuse accusations had been leveled against him. The priest came back to his hometown, Dallas, and got other work -- but was helping out on the weekends in this particular parish. It turned out that the pastor knew all about his past, had concluded that he had been falsely accused, and put him into active ministry in the parish -- without telling the parish, or even his bishop. Now, this priest might well be innocent -- nothing has been proved against him -- but that is not the point. The point is, and was, that he was not supposed to be in active ministry, yet the pastor and those closest to him chose to deceive the bishop and the parish about the matter. The priest in question -- orthodox and personally charismatic -- lied to me in a manipulative way about how he had come to Dallas (he said the liberals in his old diocese had driven him out), and lied to my catechumen friend, who is a liberal, in the same manipulative way (he told her the conservatives had driven him out). This was too much.
I am sure that Dreher is not the only Catholic to leave the Church because of this. Let me be very clear on this: priests are human, too. That some of them can't contain their sinful nature is not a surprise, nor do I hold the Catholic Church to a standard of perfection on this. The serious problem isn't priests that can't keep their hands off little boys; it is that the Church knew about these problems, and covered it up for at least decades, often making little or no effort to remove pedophile priests from positions of power.
The Race To Replace Rep. Kolbe (R-AZ)
There are times that you wonder what the national Republican Party leaders are good for--if anything. In the primary, all the Republican heavyweights were backing a moderate Republican so that the nasty, Minuteman founder Randy Graf wouldn't get the nomination. After all, that's got to be an easy one, because no one (except for the vast majority of Republicans and a majority of Democrats) wants anything done about illegal immigration, right?
So with no national support--and considerable scorn from the Republican leadership--guess who is pulling up fast in the polls on the Democrat? A poll completed 09/19 - 09/21 had the Democrat, Giffords, 25 points up on Graf. A Reuters/Zogby poll completed 09/25 - 10/02--and with a somewhat larger sample size (and so therefore with a smaller margin of error) shows Gifford is now only 8 points up on Graf--and the undecideds are still 16% of the sample.
Now, if the national Republican Party leadership cared about winning, instead of open borders, they would see this closing--in a state where the voters recently passed a pretty serious anti-illegal immigration initiative--as an opportunity. But corporate interests in having a cheap and docile labor supply seems to matter more than winning the election.
Nail in the Coffin of the Lancet Study
From Iraq Body Count--hardly an apologist for the U.S. occupation:The Iraqi mortality estimates published in the Lancet in October 2006 imply, among other things, that:
1. On average, a thousand Iraqis have been violently killed every single day in the first half of 2006, with less than a tenth of them being noticed by any public surveillance mechanisms;
2. Some 800,000 or more Iraqis suffered blast wounds and other serious conflict-related injuries in the past two years, but less than a tenth of them received any kind of hospital treatment;
3. Over 7% of the entire adult male population of Iraq has already been killed in violence, with no less than 10% in the worst affected areas covering most of central Iraq;
4. Half a million death certificates were received by families which were never officially recorded as having been issued;
5. The Coalition has killed far more Iraqis in the last year than in earlier years containing the initial massive "Shock and Awe" invasion and the major assaults on Falluja.
If these assertions are true, they further imply:
* incompetence and/or fraud on a truly massive scale by Iraqi officials in hospitals and ministries, on a local, regional and national level, perfectly coordinated from the moment the occupation began;
* bizarre and self-destructive behaviour on the part of all but a small minority of 800,000 injured, mostly non-combatant, Iraqis;
* the utter failure of local or external agencies to notice and respond to a decimation of the adult male population in key urban areas;
* an abject failure of the media, Iraqi as well as international, to observe that Coalition-caused events of the scale they reported during the three-week invasion in 2003 have been occurring every month for over a year.
In the light of such extreme and improbable implications, a rational alternative conclusion to be considered is that the authors have drawn conclusions from unrepresentative data. In addition, totals of the magnitude generated by this study are unnecessary to brand the invasion and occupation of Iraq a human and strategic tragedy.
I'll Never Listen to that Tony Bennett Song The Same Way Again
You know, "I left my heart in San Francisco"? Apparently, Cindy Sheehan left another body part in Crawford, Texas:Over the summer I had a hysterectomy, and um, I got my “parts” back. I thought I could just [inaudible] on eBay, you know, “[inaudible] Cindy Sheehan’s uterus.” And so I planted it in the garden where the bush, it’s a pretty bush… It’s so funny ’cause me and my children, we’ll always be a part of, of Crawford, Texas. Long after people forgot the horror of the Bush regime, long after, you know, we’re forgotten. We’ll always, our DNA will always be in the land…”
When Opportunity Knocks...
Open the door. I was looking for decent yielding bonds today, and I saw that Schwab had some Sallie Mae bonds (S&P A-rated) due in 2017 offered with a Yield to Maturity of about 7.4%. Huh? It turns out that these are a variable rate bond, with payments made monthly, and the rate adjusts to be 150% of the Consumer Price Index. Because they were selling below par, that was a 6.8% current yield. Being variable rate means that rising inflation (which normally causes bonds to drop in value) will have little affect on the value of the bond, since the interest paid each month will adjust upward with rising inflation. I suppose if inflation fell to zero I would have something serious to worry about, but I think that there's not a likely problem.
Raj Peter Bhakta and David Zucker Need to Get Together
Raj Peter Bhakta is the Republican candidate in the Pennsylvania 13th House district, and David Zucker is the crazy guy that made Airplane! as well as a number of other funny movies--and some great Republican campaign ads in 2004 and 2006. Bhakta was in Texas, raising money, and what he saw gave him a great idea for a test of our border security. Bhakta:was in Brownsville to raise funds with friends and decided to get a first-hand look at border security while he was here, he said.
It sounds like if there were no elephants involved, the Border Patrol wouldn't have done anything at all.
In Brownsville, he witnessed half a dozen men swim under one of the international bridges “with complete immunity” which in turn prompted him to take the immigration issue to the next level.
Bhakta decided to see if he could get an elephant accompanied by a six-piece mariachi band across the river.
According to his Web site, he is in favor of “sensible immigration reform” and supports a border fence, local law enforcement assistance with immigration laws and the use of the National Guard troops to help the U.S. Border Patrol.
“To my surprise, the band played on, the elephants splashed away, and nobody showed up,” Bhakta said of the stunt. “I’m astounded.”
The elephants came from Shrine Circuses, said James Plunkett, who produces the circus. They arrived in Brownsville on Monday and were scheduled to be on their way to Maybank on Tuesday afternoon. The elephants and the crew were at the Rio Grande for less than an hour, Plunkett said.
Plunkett said he and his crew were hired for a “photo shoot” and entered the Boca Chica beach area without any notice from the Border Patrol. However, when it became clear that the elephants were in a quarantined area, the Border Patrol alerted the U.S. Department of Agriculture, and the elephants had to be detained.
The Marriage Initiative Here in Idaho
My son-in-law went to watch the debate at Boise State University a few days back about this initiative. Being young and in a social work program, his natural sympathies tend to lie on the side of allowing civil unions for homosexuals (which this constitutional amendment will preclude), but he came away from the debate impressed with how thoroughly the debaters in favor of the initiative cleaned the clocks of those opposed to it.
My son-in-law was impressed with how much data Senator Gerry Sweet presented for why discouraging same-sex couples to raise children is sound public policy. He was also surprised at Rabbi Fink's inability to get through any statement he made without getting emotional about it.
He wasn't too thrilled with Bryan Fischer's analogy of gay marriage to child marriage or marriage to animals. I explained that this isn't the analogy that Fischer was (or at least should have been) presenting, but that once the courts strike down a ban on gay marriage because it has no rational basis, what other morality-based laws on marriage can survive that test? The bans on marrying children, or incestuous marriages, or interspecies marriage, have no rational basis either, and represent simply arbitrary moral rules. Even most gay marriage advocates aren't prepared to go that far.
The only presenter on the anti-amendment side that my son-in-law thought made an argument was a lesbian whose arguments were entirely based on her own experiences. While perhaps of human interest, that's not a basis for making public policy. Apparently someone told of having to spend $10,000 for an attorney to resolve property inheritance with a "partner," and Senator Sweet responded by saying, "You should have come to me. It would have been a few hundred dollars." As indeed it would. With the exceptions of tax filing status and Social Security benefits, I am hard pressed to see a single benefit that homosexuals would get from marriage that they can't get pretty easily within the existing framework of durable power of attorney and wills.
The core reason that governments care about marriage is resolving disputes concerning child custody and transmission of property to the heirs. Couples that will never have kids don't have any strong need for a government-sanctioned marriage--and guess what, increasingly, couples don't bother to get married--even couples that intend to have children. Instapundit argues that this recent New York Times article that points out that married couples are now a minority of the U.S. population--for the first time--is an argument for gay marriage:Married couples, whose numbers have been declining for decades as a proportion of American households, have finally slipped into a minority, according to an analysis of new census figures by The New York Times.
I would say that this is evidence that homosexuals don't need government sanction to stay together--and pretty clearly, neither do heterosexuals.
Lisa Weiss, a social worker, and Jonathan Bander, an accountant, are living together in New York City and are planning to marry in May.
The American Community Survey, released this month by the Census Bureau, found that 49.7 percent, or 55.2 million, of the nation’s 111.1 million households in 2005 were made up of married couples — with and without children — just shy of a majority and down from more than 52 percent five years earlier.
...
The census survey estimated that 5.2 million couples, a little more than 5 percent of households, were unmarried opposite-sex partners. An additional 413,000 households were male couples, and 363,000 were female couples. In all, nearly one in 10 couples were unmarried. (One in 20 households consisted of people living alone).
And the numbers of unmarried couples are growing. Since 2000, those identifying themselves as unmarried opposite-sex couples rose by about 14 percent, male couples by 24 percent and female couples by 12 percent.
There are a lot of conservatives who are disappointed at the decline in traditional marriage, and I share their feelings. But let's face it: traditional morality is on the decline in America. There's a reason for it, and it isn't just the entertainment industry's tidal wave of trash. It is because large numbers Americans of my generation grew up in homes where traditional religious morals were talked well, and lived very poorly.
I'm saddened and angered at the number of people that I know who were victimized by child molesters--and often involving uncles, stepfathers, and even fathers. One young lady that I knew finally called the police on her father, who justified what he was doing to her as a young teen as training for "celestial marriage" (a doctrine of the Mormon Church). This young lady's mother didn't understand why her daughter was so upset--after all, her father had done to same to her. I am not picking on Mormons, because I know plenty of non-Mormon examples as well--this was just especially shocking to me, because the father tried to rationalize it as a religious activity.
This being California, the father only received a three year sentence--but not in jail or prison. He was just prohibited from living under the same roof as his younger daughters for three years. When he made arrangements to move back in after the three years was up, this young lady I know moved out. The mother made no effort to protect the younger daughters.
Refuse To Be A Victim
Back about 1989, after Patrick Purdy went into a Stockton schoolyard and shot to death five children and wounded 29 others, the news media went into a frenzy about banning assault weapons. I guess that I am not surprised that much of the population--including many gun owners--went along. There is nothing that grabs parents quite so powerfully as fear for their children.
Still, even if you bought into this wrongheaded solution, there was no reason to ignore other solutions. A friend of mine was appalled to find out that the kids at his elementary school were told by the teachers that if something similar happened at their school, they were supposed to lie down on the schoolyard and be still. I suppose the reasoning was something like, "Pretend that the killer has already hit you."
My friend went to the principal and pointed out that this was really dumb; it is much harder to hit a moving target. The best thing that the kids could do, if confronted by this terrifying but unlikely scenario, was to run as rapidly as possible away from the shooter, changing course frequently. Of course, this ran contrary to the principal's notion (shared by most people who lived where we lived in multimillionaire Sonoma County) that the only way to respond to evil was to submit and hope that you got missed. Think of the school's polic y as a model of how to respond to terrorism, and you understand where we are today.
So I was quite pleased to see evidence of intelligence afflicting at least one school district:Youngsters in a suburban Fort Worth school district are being taught not to sit there like good boys and girls with their hands folded if a gunman invades the classroom, but to rush him and hit him with everything they got — books, pencils, legs and arms.
Not surprisingly, the experts are engaged in the equivalent of "lie back and enjoy it":
"Getting under desks and praying for rescue from professionals is not a recipe for success," said Robin Browne, a major in the British Army reserve and an instructor for Response Options, the company providing the training to the Burleson schools.
That kind of fight-back advice is all but unheard of among schools, and some fear it will get children killed.
But school officials in Burleson said they are drawing on the lessons learned from a string of disasters such as Columbine in 1999 and the Amish schoolhouse attack in Pennsylvania last week.
The school system in this working-class suburb of about 26,000 is believed to be the first in the nation to train all its teachers and students to fight back, Browne said.
At Burleson — which has 10 schools and about 8,500 students — the training covers various emergencies, such as tornadoes, fires and situations where first aid is required. Among the lessons: Use a belt as a sling for broken bones, and shoelaces make good tourniquets.
Students are also instructed not to comply with a gunman's orders, and to take him down.
Browne recommends students and teachers "react immediately to the sight of a gun by picking up anything and everything and throwing it at the head and body of the attacker and making as much noise as possible. Go toward him as fast as we can and bring them down."
Response Options trains students and teachers to "lock onto the attacker's limbs and use their body weight," Browne said. Everyday classroom objects, such as paperbacks and pencils, can become weapons.
"We show them they can win," he said. "The fact that someone walks into a classroom with a gun does not make them a god. Five or six seventh-grade kids and a 95-pound art teacher can basically challenge, bring down and immobilize a 200-pound man with a gun."
The fight-back training parallels the change in thinking that has occurred since Sept. 11, when United Flight 93 made it clear that the usual advice during a hijacking — Don't try to be a hero, and no one will get hurt — no longer holds. Flight attendants and passengers are now encouraged to rush the cockpit.
Similarly, women and youngsters are often told by safety experts to kick, scream and claw they way out during a rape attempt or a child-snatching.
In 1998 in Oregon, a 17-year-old high school wrestling star with a bullet in his chest stopped a rampage by tackling a teenager who had opened fire in the cafeteria. The gunman killed two students, as well as his parents, and 22 other were wounded.Hilda Quiroz of the National School Safety Center, a nonprofit advocacy group in California, said she knows of no other school system in the country that is offering fight-back training, and found the strategy at Burleson troubling.
Oh yes, it makes so much more sense to just wait patiently for the police to show up, figure out what to do, and then take action two or three hours later. Fortunately, there are plenty of people who know better:
"If kids are saved, then this is the most wonderful thing in the world. If kids are killed, people are going to wonder who's to blame," she said. "How much common sense will a student have in a time of panic?"
Terry Grisham, spokesman for the Tarrant County Sheriff's Department, said he, too, had concerns, though he had not seen details of the program.
"You're telling kids to do what a tactical officer is trained to do, and they have a lot of guns and ballistic shields," he said. "If my school was teaching that, I'd be upset, frankly."Some students said they appreciate the training.
Oh yeah, there are teachers and other school district employees in Utah who are being a bit more pro-active about this:
"It's harder to hit a moving target than a target that is standing still," said 14-year-old Jessica Justice, who received the training over the summer during freshman orientation at Burleson High.
William Lassiter, manager of the North Carolina-based Center for Prevention of School Violence, said past attacks indicate that fighting back, at least by teachers and staff, has its merits.
"At Columbine, teachers told students to get down and get on the floors, and gunmen went around and shot people on the floors," Lassiter said. "I know this sounds chaotic and I know it doesn't sound like a great solution, but it's better than leaving them there to get shot."More than a dozen teachers and public school employees will spend part of their UEA [Utah Education Association] weekend in a classroom — learning how to use a gun.
Predictably, the teachers union thinks thinks this is a bad idea:
Clark Aposhian is offering a free class today to public school employees seeking to get their concealed-weapons permit.
"It is self-defense," he told the Deseret Morning News on Thursday. "But because teachers and school administrators and custodians are typically surrounded by students all day, any threat to any individual with a firearm would also be a threat to those students."The concealed-weapons instructor's offer was met with opposition from some teachers and union representatives at the Utah Education Association's conference in Salt Lake City.
As compared to a lunatic coming into the school to rape and murder students? I blogged a week or so ago about how this trend disturbs me, not because I don't want teachers armed, but because it is a bandage on the spurting stump of cultural decadence. Should teachers have the option of being armed to protect themselves and their students at school? Yes. But it is rather like having to teach your children how to deal with kidnapping attempts and child molesters: it enrages me that the left has created a society so depraved and so unwilling to punish criminals that this is necessary.
"We've always resisted the idea of arming school employees," said Susan Kuziak, executive director of the 18,000-member teachers union. "Though the intentions may be good, ultimately, the potential for harm is too great."
A handful of teachers interviewed at the UEA convention agreed. Some said the idea of guns in schools, even when toted by trusted colleagues, makes them nervous.
"Who's to say a kid couldn't take a gun from me or another teacher?" said Darren Dickson, a teacher at Altamont High in Duchesne County. "It's too much of a risk."
UPDATE: It appears that I spoke too soon. Intelligence was discovered, and stopped!
A Really Touching Film
I don't watch a lot of movies on television (who has time?) but my wife is miserably sick with some sort of upper respiratory infection at the moment, and we were curled up in front of the idiot box when The Human Stain came on one of the cable channels. We missed the first few minutes of it, but from reading reviews of the movie when it came out, I was able to piece together what happened.
I'm not going to tell you what the secrets are that are revealed--but I will tell you that it is a film about tragedies and secrets, and how the sins of one person and one time perpetuate into the future. Anthony Hopkins plays a college professor at the end of his career and life; Wentworth Miller plays him as a young man, hiding what was, in 1944, a terrible secret--today, it would be something to celebrate, not to hide. Nicole Kidman plays his girl friend, with an even more terrible secret from her past, and an ongoing disaster (played by Ed Harris). To give some idea of the skill of the actors involved, Gary Sinise delivers, as usual, an excellent performance--and it pales in comparision to Hopkins, Miller, Kidman, and Harris.
Anyone that can watch this movie and not be powerfully moved is has a heart of stone. Perhaps it because I have known too many people who've been through some of these tragedies.
It was edited for cable, so some of the stronger language was skillfully redubbed with euphemisms, and there might be a bit more of Nicole Kidman revealed in the theatrical release than we saw. This is definitely an adult film, meaning that much of what we learn about these tragedies is not suited to pre-teens, and perhaps some early teenagers. (They are likely to be bored by it anyway.)
